Tertiary aminoacids in antiinflammatory compositions

ABSTRACT

NEW A-(CYCLIC TERT. AMINOPHENYL)-ALIPHATIC ACIDS, E.G. THOSE OF THE FORMULA   (-A-)&gt;N-PH-C(-R1)(-R2)-COOH   R1=H OR ALKYL, PH=A PHENYLENE RADICAL, R2=H, ALK(EN)YL, CYCLOALK(EN)YL OR CYCLOALK(EN)YL-ALKYL   (-A-)&gt;N-   MONO- OR BICYCLIC ALKENYLENEIMINO WITH 1-3 DOUBLE BONDS AND FUNCTIONAL DERIVATIVES THEREOF, ARE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS.

United States Patent .0"

3,767,805 TERTIARY AMINOACIDS IN ANTI- ]INFLAMMATORY COMPOSITIONS Richard William James Carney, New Providence, and George de Stevens, Woodland Park, N.J., assignors to Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Ardsley, N.Y.

No Drawing. Continuation-in-part of abandoned application Ser. No. 40,436, May 25, 1970, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 8,406, Feb. 3, 1970, which is a continuation-in-part of abandoned application Ser. No. 856,154, Sept. 8, 1969, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 843,244, July 18, 1969, now Patent No. 3,641,040, which is a continuation-in-part of abandoned application Ser. No. 808,343, Mar. 18, 1969, which is a continuation-inpart of abandoned application Ser. No. 790,863, Jan. 13, 1969, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 757,136, Sept. 3, 1968, now Patent No. 3,657,230, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of abandoned application Ser. No. 716,347, Mar. 27, 1968. This application Sept. 17, 1971, Ser. No. 181,564

Int. Cl. A61k 27/00 US. Cl. 424-474 5 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE New a-(cyclic tert. aminophenyD-aliphatic acids, e.g. those of the formula R1 A NPh-JJCOOH R =H or alkyl, Ph=a phenylene radical, R =H, alk(en)yl, cycloalk(en)yl or cycloalk(en)yl-alkyl m AN- monoor bicyclic alkenyleneirnino with 1-3 double bonds and functional derivatives thereof, are anti-inflammatory agents.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 40,436, filed May 25, 1970, (now abandoned) which in turn is a eontinuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 8,406, filed Feb. 3, 1970, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 856,154, filed Sept. 8, 1969, (now abandoned) which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 843,244, filed July 18, 1969, (now Pat. No. 3,641,040) which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 808,343, filed Mar. 18, 1969, (now abandoned) which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 790,863, filed Jan. 13, 1969, (now abandoned) which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 757,136, filed Sept. 3, 1968 (now Patent No. 3,657,230) which in turn is a continuationin-part of application Ser. No. 716,347, filed Mar. 27, 1968 (now abandoned).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention concerns and has for its object the provision of new a-(cyclic tert. aminophenyl)-aliphatic acids, more particularly of those corresponding to Formula I 3,767,805 Patented Oct. 23, 1973 in which R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylalkyl or cycloalkenyl-alkyl, Ph is a phenylene radical and ice DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The lower alkyl radicals R or R represent, for example, methyl, ethyl, nor i-propyl, -butyl, -pentyl, -hexyl or -heptyl. A lower alkenyl radical R is, for example, vinyl, allyl, methallyl, 3-butenyl or l-pentenyl. The term lower, referred to above and hereinafter in connection with organic radicals or compounds respectively, defines such with up to 7, preferably up to 4, carbon atoms.

A cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical R is preferably 3 to 7 ring-membered and unsubstituted or substituted by up to 4 lower alkyls, such as cyclopropyl, 1- or Z-methylcyclopropyl, 1,2-, 2,2- or 2,3-dimethyl-cyclopropyl, 1,2,2- or 1,2,3-trimethylcyclopropyl or 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 3,3-dimethyl-cyclobutyl or 2,2,3-trimethyl-cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, 2- or 3-methyl-cyclopentyl, 2,5- or 3,4-dimethyl-cyclopentyl, cycloheXyl, 2-, 3- or 4- methyl-cyclohexyl, 2,3-,2,4- or 3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyl or 2,4,6-trimethyl-cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl; 2-cyclopropenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopropenyl, 1-, 2- or 3-cyclopentenyl or -cyclohexenyl, 2- or 3-methyl-2-cyclopentenyl, 3,4-dimethyl-3-cyclopentenyl or 2-, 3- or 4-methyl-1 or 2-cyclohexenyl. A cycloalkyl-lower alkyl or cycloalkenyl-lower alkyl radical R is one of the above-mentioned lower alkyl groups, preferably such with up to 4 carbon atoms, hav ing in any position thereof, preferably at the terminal carbon atom, one of said cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radicals attached, e.g. cyclopropylmethyl, 2-cyclopentylethyl or 3- cyclopentenylmethyl.

The phenylene radical Ph, carrying the tertiary amino group A AN- group or lower alkanoylarnino, e.g. dimethylamino, N- methyl-N-ethylamino, diethylamino, di-nor i-propylamino or -butylamino; acetylarnino or pivaloylamino,

furthermore cyano, carbamoyl, di-lower alkylcarbamoyl,"

carboxy, lower alkylsulfonyl, sulfo, sulfamoyl or di-lower alkylsulfamoyl, e.g. N,N-dimethyl-carbamoyl or -sulfamoyl, methylor ethylsulfonyl. More particularly, the phenylene radical Ph especially represents 1,3- or 1,4- phenylene, but also (lower alkyl)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (lower alkoxy)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, monoor (ii-(halogeno)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (trifiuoromethyl)-l,3- or 1,4- phenylene, (nitro)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (amino)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (di-lower alkylamino)-l,3- or l,4-phenylene or 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene.

The cyclic tertiary amino group A A N- is preferably a monocyclic to 7 ring-membered lower 2- or 3-alkenyleneimino group or a bicyclic lower alkenyleneimino group containing 5 or 6-membered rings, at most one nitrogen atom in each ring and 1-3 double bonds in the ring not containing the imino nitrogen, e.g. 3-pyrrolino, 3-piperidino, l,4-pent-2-enyleneimino, 2,5- or 1,6-hex-3-enyleneimino, 2,6- or 1,7-hept-3-enyleneimino; 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindolino or -isoindolino, 4,7-dihydroindolino or -isoindolino, indolino, isoindolino, 1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8-octahydro, 1,2,3,4,5,8-hexahydroor 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolino or -isoquinolino; l-pyrrolo[2,3-b1pyridyl, 2- pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridyl or 6 pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridyl. Said cyclic tert. amino groups may be unsubstituted or substituted, for example, in the aromatic portion as shown for Ph above, and in the aliphatic portion especially by lower alkyl, free, etherified or esterified hydroxy or mercapto, e.g. lower alkoxy, halogeno, lower alkanoyloxy, oxo and/ or thiono.

Therapeutically acceptable functional derivatives of the acid of Formula I are preferably their esters, for example, their lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, 3 to 7 ringmembered cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl or cycloalkenyl-lower alkyl, aryl or aralkyl esters, e.g. the HPh or HPh-lower alkyl esters, free or etherified hydroxy-lower alkyl, e.g. lower alkoxyor 3 to 7 ringmembered cycloalkoxy-lower alkyl or tert. amino-lower alkyl esters, of which the esterifying moiety has been exemplified above and if it contains hetero atoms, these are separated from each other and the carboxy oxygen by at least 2, preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms. A tertiary amino group therein is, for example, di-lower alkylamino or lower alkyleneimino, e.g. dimethylamino, diethylamino, pyrrolidino or piperidino, or monoaza-, monooxaor monothia-lower alkyleneimino, such as piperazino, 4-lower alkyl-piperazino, e.g. 4-(methyl or ethyU-piperazino, morpholino or thiamorpholino. Other functional derivatives of the acids of Formula I are, for example, unsubstituted or substituted amides or thioamides, e.g. monoor di-lower alkylamides, HPh-amides, HPh-lower alkylamides, monocyclic lower alkylenea-mides, monoaza-, monooxaor monothialower alkyleneamides, furthermore the corresponding thioamides, hydroxamic acids, nitriles, ammonium or metal salts. Amino derivatives are the N- oxide, lower alkylor PI-Ih-lowcr alkyl quaternaries and acid addition salts.

The compounds of the invention possess valuable pharmacological properties. Besides analgesic and antifungal activity, they exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, as can be demonstrated in in vitro or animal tests, using for the latter advantageously mammals, such as mice, rats or guinea pigs as test objects. The former tests can be performed according to the gradient plate method with fungi selected, for example, from Trichophyton, Microsporum or Epidermophyton, e.g. T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum or T. sinii; M. canis or M gypseum; or E. floccosum. The antifungal activity can also be observed in vivo, e.g. according to Molinas, J. Investig. Dermatol. 25, 33 (1955),

where guinea pigs are infected on the shaven back with a homogenous agar suspension of a 10 day old culture of T. mentagrophytes grown on Sabourauds agar. Treatment with 0.52% medicated solutions or ointments is started after 24 hours and continued once daily for 10 days. During this time, portions of hair and skin skales are taken from 5 different sites of the infected area and subcultured on Mycosel agar plates, which are incubated and examined for growth. The analgesic eifects can be demonstrated, for example, according to the mouse writhing test, described inter alia by Siegmund et al. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. & Med. 95, 729 (1957) at oral doses between about St} and 200 mg./kg./day. Anti-inflammatory activity can be shown, for example, according to Winter et al., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. & Med. 111, 544 (1962). There, the compounds of the invention are applied, in the form of aqueous solutions or suspensions, which may contain carboxymethylcellulose or polyethylene glycol as solubilizers, by stomach tube to male and female mature rats, in the dosage range between about 0.1 and 75 mg./ kgjda preferably between about 0.5 and SO mg./kg./ day, advantageously between about 1 and 25 mg./kg./ day. About 1 hour later 0.06 ml. of a 1% aqueous saline suspension of carrageenin is injected into the rats left hind paw and 34 hours subsequently any anti-inflammatory activity can be expressed by the difierence of the volume and/or weight of the edematous left paw and that of the right paw, as compared with said difi'erence estimated from untreated control animals. According to the adjuvant arthritis test, male rats are sensitized with 0.05 ml. of said 1% carragcenin suspension, applied under ether anesthesia to all four paws. After 24 hours 0.1 ml. of a 1% suspension of M. butyricum in mineral oil is injected intrademally into the tail and 7 days later the compounds of the invention are applied as shown above for a 14 day period. The rats are weighed once weekly and the secondary arthritic lesions scored 3 times a week as to number and severity. The results obtained are compared with those of untreated arthritic rats. In view of the test result obtained, the compounds of the invention are useful analgesic, antifungal and especially antiinflammatory agents in the treatment or management of arthritic and dermatopathologic conditions. They are also useful intermediates in the preparation of other valuable products, preferably of pharmacologically active compounds.

Preferred compounds of the invention are those of Formula I in which:

(a) R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkenyl, Ph is unsubstituted phenylene or phenylene substituted by one or two members selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, hydroxy, mercapto, lower alkoxy, lower alkylmercapto, halogeno, trifiuoromethyl, nitro, amino, di-lower alkylammo,

lower alkanoylamino, cyano, carbamoyl, dilower alkylcarbamoyl, carboxy, lower alkylsulfonyl, sulfo, sulfarnoyl 0r di-lower alkyl-sulfamoyl, and the group A A N- is monocyclic to 7 ring-membered lower 2- or 3-alkenylene1mmo or bicyclic alkenyleneirnino containing 5 or 6- membered rings, at most one nitrogen atom in each ring and 1-3 double bonds in the ring not containing the imino nitrogen, which imino groups are unsubstituted or substltuted by one or two oxo groups at the carbon atoms adjacent to the imino nitrogen;

(b) R Ph and A A N have the meaning given under item (a) and R is 3 to 7 ring-membered cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl or cycloalkenyl-lower alkyl, or a lower alkyl ester lower alkenyl ester, 3 to 7 ring-membered cycloalkyl ester, cycloalkenyl ester, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl ester, cycloalkenyl-lower alkyl ester, HPh-ester, HPhlower alkyl ester, hydroxy-lower alkyl ester, lower alkoxylower alkyl ester, di-lower alkylamino-lower alkyl ester, lower alkyleneimino-lower alkyl ester, monoaza-, -oxaor -thia-lower alkyleneimino-lower alkyl ester or lower alkyl ester in which esters 2 hetero atoms are separated from each other by at least 2 carbon atoms, the amide, thioamide, a monoor di-lower alkylamide, monoor di-lower alkyl-thioamide, lower alkyleneamide, lower alkylene-thioamide, HPh-amide, HPh-thioamide, HPhlower alkylamide, HPh-lower alkylthioamide, morpholide, thiamorpholide or hydroxamic acid, the N-oxide, a lower alkyl quaternary, HPh-lower alkyl quaternary or a therapeutically useful salt of the compounds listed under items (a) or (b).

Particularly useful are the compounds of Formula I, in which:

(c) R is hydrogen, R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, Ph is 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene (lower alkyl)-1,3- or l,4-phenylene, (lower alkoxy)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, monoor di- (halogeno)-l,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (trifluoromethyl)-l,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (nitro)-l,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (amino)- -l,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (di-lower alkylamino)-1,3- or 1,4- phenylene or m A N1,3- or 1,4-phenyleno the group \J is monocyclic 5 to 7 ring-membered lower 2- or 3- alkenyleneimino or bicyclic alkenyleneimino containing only one nitrogen atom, 5 or 6-membered rings and 1-3 double bonds in the isocyclic ring, or said alkenyleneirnino radicals containing one or two oxo groups attached to the carbon atoms adjacent to the nitrogen atom;

((1) R Ph and have the meaning given under item (0) and R is 3 to 7 ring-membered cycloalkyl or cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, or a lower alkyl ester, the amide, a monoor di-lower alkylamide, the N-oxide, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt or a therapeutically useful acid addition salt of the compounds listed under items (0) and ((1).

Outstanding are the compounds of Formula II AmQ-oH-CO on in which:

(e) R is hydrogen or alkyl with up to 4 carbon atoms, R, is hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxy with up to 4 carbon atoms, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, nitro or amino, and Am is 3 pyrrolino, 3 piperidino 1,6 hex-3-enyleneimino, indolino, isoindolino or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolino or -isoquinolino, or said radicals containing one or two 0x0 groups attached to the carbon atoms adjacent to the nitrogen atom;

(f) R; and Am have the meaning given under item (e) and R is 3 or 4 ring-membered lower cycloalkyl or cycloalkylmethyl, or the methyl, ethyl, nor i-propyl or -butyl ester, the N-oxide, sodium or potassium salt or a therapeutically useful acid addition salt of the compounds listed under items (e) and (f).

Especially valuable are compounds of the Formula II, in which:

(g) R is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, nor i-propyl, R is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro or trifluoromethyl and Am is 3-pyrrolino, 3-piperidino, 2-oxo-3-pyrrolino, maleinimino, isoindolino, l-oxoisoindolino, phthalimino or homophthalimino;

(h) R, and Am have the meaning given under item (g) and R is cyclopropyl or cyclopropylmethyl, the methyl or ethyl ester, the N-oxide, sodium or potassium salt or a therapeutically useful acid addition salt of the compounds listed under items (g) and (h).

The most preferred embodiments of the present invention are the a-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid, the methyl or ethyl ester, the N-oxide, sodium or potassium salt or a therapeutically useful acid addition salt thereof, which exhibit in the above-described test systems at doses between about 1 and 25 mg./kg./day a high order of anti-inflammatory activity.

The compounds of this invention are prepared according to methods known per se. For example, they are o btained by:

(a) converting in a compound of the Formula III A A N-PhX1 (III) in which X is a substituent capable of being converted into the free or functionally converted -CO OH moiety X into said acid group or (b) converting in a compound of Formula IV X;Ph;-CCOOH R1 R: (IV) or a functional derivative thereof, in which X is a substituent capable of being converted into X into said cyclic tert. amino group and, if desired, converting any resulting compound into another compound of the invention.

According to process (a), the compounds of the invention are prepared either by (a) introduction of the whole free or functionally converted acid moiety or any part thereof (preferably the carboxylic function), into compounds of Formula III, or by ([3) liberation of said acid moiety from a suitable group containing already the required number of carbon atoms, ie the liberation of a potential carboxy or alkylidene moiety.

Accordingly, the simplest substituent X is a hydrogen atom, a metallic group or a reactively esterified hydroxy group. The former is, for example, an alkali metal, e.g. a lithium atom, or a substituted alkaline earth metal, zinc or cadmium atom, such as halomagnesium or lower alkyl zinc or cadmium, e.g. chloro-, bromoor iodomagnesium, methyl or ethyl zinc or cadmium. A reactively esterified hydroxy group is preferably such derived from a strong mineral or sulfonic acid, such as a hydrohalic, sulfuric, lower alkane or benzene sulfonic acid, e.g. hydrochloric, hydrobromic, methane-, ethane-, benzeneor p-toluenesulfonic acid. The corresponding starting material of Formula III is reacted with the acid having the formula Rx COOH Rz Yl or a suitable derivative, e.g. a corresponding salt, ester, amide or nitrile thereof, in which formula 1 of X,

and Y is the above-described metallic group and the other said reactively esterified hydroxy group, or X is hydrogen and Y, is a free or reactively esterified hydroxy group. Such reaction is performed according to the classical Grignard or Friedel-Cra-fts syntheses, in which a new carbon-carbon bond is formed from separate reactants. The latter synthesis is performed in the presence of a Lewis acid, such as an aluminum, boron, antimony V, ferric or zinc salt, e.g. the chlorides thereof, or hydrofluoric, sulfuric or preferably polyphosphoric acid, which latter agent is advantageously used with the above glycolic acids or their derivatives, i.e. those in which Y is hydroxy. In case X is a hydrogen atom and Ph contains a free or functionally converted y-carboxy-2-alkenyloxy group in the ortho or para position thereto, such allkyl ether starting material, e.g. that of the formula Aq-PhOCHQCH=CHCOORI can be rearranged according to the Claisen (Cope) rearrangement procedure, for example, by heating it up to about 300 or less, to yield compounds of Formula I in which R is lower alkenyl and Ph contains a hydroxy grou ortho or para to the acid moiety, or functional acid derivatives, e.g. esters or lactones, thereof.

The substituent X in Formula III is also the group R2 in which Y is a metallic group, e.g. such mentioned above, an ammonium group, such as tri-lower alkylammonium or dilower alkyl-aralkylammonium, e.g. trimethylammonium or dimethylbenzylammonium, or a free or reactively converted, such as esterified, etherified or salified, hydroxy group, e.g. such esterified as mentioned above, or etherified with a lower alkanol or aralkanol, or salified with an alkali or alkaline earth metal, e.g. sodium, potassium or calcium. Such metal compound, ester, ether or alcoholate of Formula III is reacted with a reactive derivative of carbonic or formic acid, whereby both reactants at most contain one metal atom. The metal or Grignard compound can be reacted with any suitable, metal free carbonic or formic acid derivative, advantageously carbon dioxide or disulfide, but also a corresponding carbonate or haloformate, e.g. diethyl carbonate or thiocarbonate; ethyl or propyl orthocarbnate; ethyl, tert. butyl, allyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 3-chloropropyl, phenyl or benzyl chloroformate; cyanogen or carbamoy] halides, e.g. cyanogen bromide or diethylcarbamoyl chloride. The starting material, in which Y is an ammonium or free or reactively converted hydroxy group, is advantageously reacted with a metal cyanide, e.g. sodium or potassium cyanide, and that in which Y is free, esterified or salifiecl hydroxy, or the dehydrated unsaturated derivative thereof (wherein X is a corresponding l-alkenyl group) can also be reacted with carbon monoxide. The latter may be applied under neutral, basic or acidic conditions respectively, e.g. in the presence of sulfuric acid, under high pressure and/or temperature, e.g. up to 400 at and 300, advantageously in the presence of heavy metal catalysts, e.g. nickel or cobalt salts or carbonyl derivatives thereof. The carbon monoxide may also be generated from appropriate sources, such as formic acid and high boiling mineral acids, e.g. sulfuric or phosphoric acid.

Another substituent X is the group wherein Y is a substituent convertible into a free or functionally converted carboxy group. The conversion of Y into the latter group can be performed either by oxidation or rearrangement. In the former case Y is, for example, methyl, hydroxymethyl, borylmethyl, hydroxyiminomethyl, .formyl, lower l-alkenyl or l-alkynyl, lower 1,2-dihydroxyalkyl or acyl, such as lower alkanoyl, alkenoyl, free or esterified carboxycarbonyl. In the corresponding starting material of Formula I11, containing said potential carboxy function, Y is transformed into free or functionally converted carboxy according to standard oxidation methods, for example, with the use of air or pure oxygen, preferably in the presence of catalysts, such as silver, manganese, iron or cobalt catalysts, or with oxidation agents, e.g. hydrogen peroxide or nitric oxides, oxidizing acids or their salts, such as hypohalous, periodic, nitric or percarboxylic acids or suitable salts thereof, e.g. sodium hypochlorite or periodate, peracetic, perbenzoic or monoperphthalic acid, heavy metal salts or oxides, such as alkali metal chromates or permanganates; chromic or cupric salts, e.g. halides or sulfates thereof, or silver, mercuric, vanadium V, chromium VI or manganese IV oxide, in acidic or alkaline media respectively. In said oxidations, for which starting materials are chosen, in which A AN- is less sensitive to oxidation than Y e.g. bicyclic al'kenyleneimino, usually the free carboxylic acids of Formula I, or salts thereof, are obtained. However, by subjecting, for example, a hydroxyiminomethyl compound (oxime) to Beckmann rearrangement, e.g. treatment with sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride, or to oxidation, e.g. with hydrogen peroxide or any of said percarboxylic acids, or reacting the corresponding formyl acyl compound (aldehyde or ketone) with hydrazoic acid according to the Schmidt reaction, e.g. in the presence of sulfuric acid, or the aldehyde with a sulfonylor nitrohydroxamate, a nitrile, amide or hydroxamic acid will be formed respectively. A starting material in which Y is free or esterified carboxycarbonyl, e.g. lower carbalkoxycarbonyl, can be converted into the acid of Formula I either by oxidation, e.g. with hydrogen peroxide in acidic media, such as mineral acids, or by decarbonylation, which preferably is carried out by pyrolysis, advantageously in the presence of copper or glass powder.

Finally, the substituent X in Formula III may be such a moiety, which primarily is capable of liberating the required alkylidene group Such moiety is, for example, the free or functionally converted group wherein each of Y, or Y are convertible into R and/ or R respectively, for example, by reduction, decarboxylation, deacylation or desulfurization. For example, Y, is a free or reactively esterified or etherified hydroxy or mercapto group as mentioned above, e.g. hydroxy, mercapto, chloro, bromo, iodo, benzyloxy or benzylmercapto, and Y a lower alkylidene, cycloalkylidene, cycloalkyl-alkylidene, oxo or thiono group. The corresponding starting material, or the quaternary 0- or p-quinonmethides thereof obtainable by splitting 01f Y H from said compounds of Formula III, in which at least one of R and R is hydrogen, e. g. with the use of strong mineral acids or alkalis, can be reduced either with catalytically activated or nascent hydrogen, such as hydrogen in the presence of nickel, palladium or platinum catalysts, or with hydrogen generated by electrolysis or the action of metals on acids, alkalis or alcohols, such as zinc, amalgamated zinc, iron or tin on aqueous mineral or carboxylic acids, e.g. hydrochloric or acetic acid, zinc or aluminum-nickel alloys on aqueous alkali metal hydroxides, or sodium, potassium or their amalgams on lower alkanols. Also reducing and/ or desul furizing agents may be applied, depending on the starting material chosen. In case Y, is hydroxy, the reducing agent may be an aqueous suspension of phosphorus and iodine, hydriodic acid, stannous chloride or sodium sulfite or dithionite, or in case Y; is esterified hydroxy, e.g. halogeno, an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic metal compound, e.g. a corresponding R or R lithium or Grignard compound may be used as reducing agent. The latter metal compounds may also be applied in the reduction of said quinonmethides. In case Y is oxo, the Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner or Huang-Minlon procedures may be applied, wherein nascent hydrogen or hydrazine are used, the latter advantageously in the presence of strong alkalis, e.g. high boiling aqueous or glycolic sodium or potassium hydroxide solutions. In the reduction of mercapto, free to ketalized thiono compounds, desulfurization agents are advantageously applied, such as mercury or copper oxide or Raney nickel. In case Y, represents carboxy, the corresponding malonic acid derivative is decarboxylated by pyrolysis, advantageously in acidic media, or Y, stands for another acyl radical, such as lower alkanoyl or aralkanoyl, e.g. acetyl or ben'zoyl, the fi-keto acid is subjected to acid splitting by the action of strong alkalis, e.g. those mentioned above.

Another substituent X also providing said alkylidene group, is an unsubstituted or substituted acetyl group, e.g. -CO(CN )R or CO--(CR R )hal0gen. The corresponding unsubstituted acetyl starting material is converted into the compounds of the invention accord ing to the Willgerodt-Kindler reaction, e.g. by the action of sulfur in the presence of ammonia, primary or secondary amines and advantageously of sulfonic acids, e.g. p-toluenesulfonic acid, and said substituted acetyl compounds according to the Wolff (Arndt-Eistert) reaction, e.g. by hydrolysis, alcoholysis, ammonolysis or aminolysis of corresponding a-diazo-ketones, advantageously while irradiated or heated in the presence of copper or silver catalysts, or according to the Favorskii (Wallach) reaction respectively, e.g. by the action of strong alkalis or soluble silver salts, such as silver nitrate, on corresponding ix-haloketones.

According to process (b), the cyclic tertiary amino group K) is either (a) introduced into the phenylene moiety Ph, or (B) a primary, secondary, acyclic (open) or saturated cyclic tertiary amino group, present therein, converted into the desired unsaturated cyclic tertiary amino group. Accordingly, X is, for example, a hydrogen atom, a metallic group or a free or reactively esterified hydroxy group, e.g. those groups shown above, preferably an alkali metal or halogen atom respectively. The corresponding starting material of Formula IV is reacted with the compound in which one X and Y is hydrogen or said metallic group, e.g. lithium or sodium, and the other said free or reactively esterified hydroxy group, e.g. fluorine or chlorine. In case X is hydrogen and Y halogen, the reaction is carried out analogous to the Friedel-Crafts syntheses mentioned above, i.e. in the presence of Lewis acids or, in case Y is hydroxy, in the presence of alkalis, e.g. potassium hydroxide. In case X is hydroxy or lower alkanoyloxy, the reaction is advantageously carried out in the presence of a dehydration of dehydrogenation catalyst, such as a mineral acid or a salt thereof, e.g. hydro chloric acid, ammonium sulfite or sodium 'bisulfite, activated aluminum oxide, Raney nickel or palladium-charcoal.

10 The conversion of any primary, secondary, acyclic or saturated cyclic tertiary amino group X into can simply be performed by transamination with the amine The latter is advantageously used in excess and in the presence or absence of catalysts, e.g. the above-mentioned dehydration or dehydrogenation catalysts, and elevated temperature and/ or pressure. A starting material of Formula IV, in which X is primary amino, can also be reacted with the glycol, glycolic acid or dicarboxylic acid HOAOH, or advantageously a reactive functional derivative thereof, such as an ester, cyclic ether or the dehydrated, unsaturated (olefinic) derivative of said glycol or glycolic acid and/or a halide, anhydride or lactone of the acid, e.g. such as mentioned above. These condensations are advantageously carried out in the presence of water or acid binding agents, such as alkali metals, their alcoholates or carbonates and the addition of the unsatutared compounds to the amino group preferably in the presence of catalysts, e.g. copper, cobalt or molybdenum catalysts and/or acids or bases. A saturated cyclic tert. amino group X can be converted into the unsaturated group, for example, by dehydration, dehydrosulfidation or desamination of a monoor bicyclic (hydroxy, mercapto, amino, ammonium, hydrazino or hydrazono)-alkyleneimino group, or reactive derivatives thereof, such as a reactive ether or ester of the hydroxy or mercapto compounds, or an acyl derivative of the nitrogen bases, e.g. a tert. butyl ether or a tosylate, brosylate or xanthate respectively. Dehydration is preferably carried out with the use of concentrated mineral or sulfonic acids, Lewis acids or carboxylic acid anhydrides, e.g. hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric or p-toluene-sulfonic acid or acetic anhydride. Dehydrosulfidation may be carried out with the use of heavy metal oxides, e.g. mercury or lead oxide and desamination by thermal decomposition of ammonium salts. Preferably reactive esters of the hydroxy compounds or acyl derivatives of the hydrazones are pyrolyzed, advantageously under reduced pressure.

The compounds of the invention so obtained can be converted into each other according to methods known per se. For example, resulting free acids may be esterified 'With the corresponding alcohols in the presence of a strong acid, e.g. hydrochloric, sulfuric, benzene or p-toluene sulfonic acid, or with diazo compounds, or converted into their halides by treatment with thionyl halides or phosphorus halides or oxyhalides. Resulting esters may be hydrolyzed or transesterified in the presence of acidic or alkaline agents, e.g. mineral or complex heavy metal acids or alkali metal carbonates or alcoholates, or treated with ammonia or corresponding amines. Resulting acid halides may be treated with alcohols, ammonia or amines in order to obtain the corresponding esters or amides respectively. Resulting amides or thioamides (Willgerodt) can be hydrolyzed under acidic or alkaline conditions, e.g. with the use of aqueous mineral and/ or carboxylic acids or alkali metal hydroxides, also alcoholized, transaminated or desulfurized, e.g. with the use of mercuric oxide or alkyl halides followed by hydrolysis, or oxo compounds sulfurized, e.g. with phosphorus pentasulfide. Resulting compounds which do not contain an oxo group in the bicyclic moiety can be oxidized therein already with oxygen or other mild oxidation agents, e.g. those mentioned above, to introduce an oxo group into the A-radical thereof, preferably into one or both of the positions adjacent to the imino nitrogen, thus converting the cyclic tertiary amines into lactames or imides respectively. Resulting nitriles likewise can be hydrolyzed or alcoholized, eg with the use of concentrated aqueous or alcoholic acids or alkalis or also with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. A resulting ester, salt or nitrile, containing in (it-position at least one hydrogen atom, can be metallized therein, e.g. with the use of alkali metals or their derivatives, such as phenyl lithium, triphenylmethylsodium or sodium hydride, amides or alcoholates, and thereupon reacted with reactive esters of R OH and/or R OH. Resulting compounds may also be halogenated in the Ph-moiety, e.g. with the use of halogens, which are advantageously applied in the presence of Lewis acids, e.g. ferric, aluminum, antimony III or tin IV halides, or with the use of halogenation agents, e.g. hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide or sodium chlorate, nitrosyl chloride or bromide, bromosuccinor phthalimide. Furthermore, nitration may be applied to final products, advantageously With the use of nitric acid or nitrates under acidic conditions, e.g. in the presence of sulfuric or trifluoroacetic acid respectively. Resulting nitro compounds may be reduced, for example, with catalytically activated or nascent hydrogen and, if desired, the primary amino compounds obtained, either treated with reactive esters of corresponding alcohols or glycols, or with reactive functional acid derivatives, in order to obtain secondary, tertiary, quaternary or acylated amino compounds respectively. Said prim. amines can also be treated with nitrous acid, to yield diazonium salts, which can be converted according to the Sandmeyer reaction into the corresponding hydroxy, halogeno, cyano, alkoxy or alkylmercapto compounds, e.g. by hydrolyzing the diazonium salt at elevated temperatures, or reacting it with cuprous halides or cyanide or with a lower alkanol or alkylmercaptan respectively, preferably under neutral or slightly acidic or alkaline conditions. In resulting phenolic products, the hydroxy or mercapto group can be etherified, e.g. by reacting the corresponding alkali metal phenolates with lower alkyl halides or sulfonates, or resulting phenol ethers are hydrolyzed, e.g. with the use of strong acids or acidic salts, e.g. hydrobromic and acetic acid or pyridine hydrochloride, and aliphatic hydroxy compounds can be dehydrated as shown above. In the above reduction, care should be taken or starting materials and final products properly selected, in order to retain unsaturation in m AN A resulting acid can be converted into its salts according to conventional methods, for example, by reacting it with an about stoichiometric amount of a suitable salt-forming reagent, such as ammonia, an amine or an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate or hydrogen carbonate. A salt of this type can be reconverted into the free acid by treatment with an acid, e.g. hydrochloric, sulfuric or acetic acid, until the proper pH has been reached. A resulting basic compound can be converted into a corresponding acid addition salt, for example by reacting it with an inorganic or organic acid, such as a therapeutically useful acid, or with a corresponding anion exchange preparation, and isolating the desired salt. An acid addition salt may be converted into the free compound by treatment with a base, e.g. a metal hydroxide, ammonia or a hydroxyl ion exchange preparation. Therapeutically useful acids are, for example, inorganic acids, eg hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric, nitric or perchloric acid, or organic acids, e.g. carboxylic or sulfonic acids, such as formic, acetic, propionic, succinic, glycollic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, pyroracemic, phenylacetic, benzoic, 4-aminobenzoic, anthranilic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, salicylic, aminosalicylic, embonic, nicotinic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, hydroxy-ethanesulfonic, ethylenesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, halogenbenzenesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, naphthalenesulfonic and sulfanilic acid; methionine, tryptophan, lysine and arginine.

These or other salts, for example, the picrates, can also be used for purification of the bases obtained; the bases are converted into salts, the salts are separated and the bases are liberated from the salts. In view of the close relationship between the free compounds and the compounds in the form of their salts, whenever a compound is referred to in this context, a corresponding salt is also intended, provided such is possible or appropriate under the circumstances.

Resulting mixtures of isomers can be separated into the single isomers by methods in themselves known, e.g. by fractional distillation, crystallization and/or chromatography. Racemic products can likewise be resolved into the optical antipodes, for example by separation of diastereomeric salts thereof, e.g. by the fractional crystallization of dor l-tartrates or d-a-(1-naphthyl)-ethylamine or l-cinchonidine salts.

The above reactions are carried out according to standard methods, in the presence or absence of diluents, preferably such as are inert to the reagents and are solvents thereof, of catalysts, condensing or neutralizing agents and/or inert atmospheres, at low temperatures, room temperature or elevated temperatures, at atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure.

The invention also comprises any modification of the above process, wherein a compound resulting as an intermediate at any stage thereof, is used as starting material and the remaining steps are carried out, or the process is discontinued at any stage thereof, or in which the starting material is formed under the reaction conditions or is used in the form of its salts or reactive derivatives. For example, in most of the above-described oxidation methods, wherein Y is converted into a free or functionally converted carboxy group, the corresponding aldehydes (Y, is formyl) are formed intermediarily. According to the haloform reaction (Y is acetyl) intermediarily formed trihaloketones are hydrolyzed under the applied alkaline conditions, to yield the corresponding salts or esters of the acids of Formula I. Also, the quaternary 0- or pquinomethides may be formed intermediarily from the corresponding starting material in which Y, is free or reactively esterified hydroxy, e.g. under strongly acidic or alkaline conditions, or during the reduction of compounds in which Y is oxo or thiono. The a-diazoketones are usually formed, according to Arndt-Eistert, from the corresponding benzoic acid halides and aliphatic or cycloaliphatic (R diazo compounds, whereupon the abovedescribed Wolff rearrangement is performed. Moreover, in the formation of the cyclic tert. amino group several intermediates are formed from the various starting materials mentioned above. For example, in the reaction of compounds of Formula IV, in which X is primary amino, with those of the formula HOA-OH or its reactive functional derivatives, usually secondary amines or amides are formed, wherein X is or reactive amino derivatives of such intermediates. In the process of the invention, those starting materials are advantageously selected, which yield the above-described preferred embodiments of the invention, especially those corresponding to Formula II.

The starting material used is known or, if new, may be prepared according to the methods described for known analogs thereof. For example, compounds of Formula III can be prepared analogous to the process mentioned 13 under item (b), i.e. by introduction or construction of the cyclic amino group In case X is a reactively esterified hydroxy group, it may also be introduced either by halogenation, or nitration followed by reduction, diazotization and Sandmeyer reaction. The resulting starting material may be subsequently converted into the metallic compounds, e.g. by reaction with alkali or alkaline earth metals, such as lithium or magnesium, or with dialkyl zinc or cadmium. The allyl ethers for the Claisen rearrangement can be prepared analogous to those described in J. Chem. Soc. 4210 (1963).

The starting material in which Y is a metallic group may be prepared as shown above, i.e. by reacting reactive esters of the corresponding benzylalcohols with alkali or alkaline earth metals or dialkyl zinc or cadmium. Otherwise, according to Friedel-Crafts, easily obtainable linear or cyclic alkano or alkenophenones k) may be reduced either with lithium aluminum hydride or with R -magnesium halides, or

flan.-

Grignard compounds reacted with R COR to yield the corresponding benzyl alcohols, whose hydroxy group may be reactively esterified or salified according to wellknown methods, e.g. by reaction with phosphorus, thionyl or sulfonyl halides, alkali or alkaline earth metals respectively and the resulting esters or salts may be converted into ethers either by reaction with alcoholates or reactive esters respectively. The compounds in which Y is an ammonium group, can be obtained from the former reactive esters and secondary amines and the resulting tertiary amines are quaternized in the usual manner, e.g. by reaction with lower alkyl or aralkyl halides.

The starting material containing Y can be obtained from the former compounds in which Y is a metallic group, by reacting them with a methyl halide, formaldehyde, a formyl halide, lower alkanal, alkenal or hydroxyalkanal' or a lower alkanoyl, alkenoyl or oxalyl halide respectively and, if desired, dehydrating resulting alcohols by the action of acidic agents, e.g. sulfuric acid or phosphorus pentoxide, to yield unsaturated derivatives thereof. The latter, e.g. methylidene compounds may be reacted with boranes in order to obtain borylmethyl compounds and aldehyde with hydroxylamine, to yield the hydroxyiminomethyl compounds (oxirnes). The aldehydes, i.e. compounds in which Y is formyl, can also be obtained from said ketones by reaction with dimethylsulfoniummethylide or dimethylsulfoniummethylide (generated from the corresponding trimethylsulfon-ium salts) and rearranging the resulting ethyleneoxides to the corresponding aldehydes by the action of Lewis acids, e.g. p-toluene sulfonic acid or boron trifluoride, or according to the Darzens condensation by reacting the above ketones with a-halo-alkanoic ar alkenoic acid esters in the presence of alcoholates, e.g. potassium tert. butoxide, saponifying the glycidic esters formed and rearranging and decarboxylating them, advantageously in acidic media, e.g. sulfuric acid.

The starting material contining Y which represents free, esterified or etherified hydroxy or mercapto, can be prepared according to the cyanohydrin or analog syntheses, eg by reaction of compounds or their thiono analogs, with aqueous potassium cyanide under acidic conditions and, if desired, converting resulting nitriles into other acid derivatives and/or alcohols into corresponding mercapto compounds or reactive esters or ethers thereof, or dehydrating them to unsaturatedderivatives. The compounds in which Y is 0x0 or thiono can be obtained according to Friedel-Crafts with the use of suitable compounds and oxalyl halides. The resulting phenylglyoxylic acid esters may then be reduced with R -Grignard compounds, if desired, followed by dehydration. Said compounds may also be prepared according to the Ando synthesis by reaction with mesoxalates in the presence of stannic chloride. The resulting adduct can either be hydrogenated, the malonate formed metallized and reacted with a reactive ester of R -0H or saponified and decarboxylated.

Finally the a-diazoketones are obtained from corresponding benzoic acid halides and R -diazo compounds and the a-haloketones by halogenating of the corresponding alkanophenones or reacting the former a-diazoketones with hydrohalic acids. The starting material of Formula IV is prepared analogous to the process mentioned under item (a), by selecting starting materials containing X or a group capable of being converted into X advantageously nitro, instead of The pharmacologimlly active compounds of the invention are useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions containing an eifective amount thereof in conjunction or admixture with excipients suitable for either enteral, parenteral or topical application. Preferred are tablets and gelatin capsules comprising, the active ingredient together with (a) diluents, e.g. lactose, dex trose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, cellulose and/or glycine, (b) lubricants, e.g. silica, talcum, stearic acid, its magnesium or calcium salt and/or polyethyleneglycol, for tablets also (c) binders, e.g. magnesium aluminum silicate, starch paste, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone, if desired, (d) disintegrants, e.g. starches, agar, alginic acid or its sodium salt, enzymes of the binders or effervescent mixtures and/or (e) adsorbents, colorants, flavors and sweeteners. Injectable compositions are preferably aqueous isotonic solutions or suspensions, and Suppositories or ointments are advantageously fatty emulsions or suspensions. They may be sterilized and/or contain adjuvants, such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, solution promoters, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure and/or butters. Said pharmaceutical compositions may also contain other therapeutically valuable substances. They are prepared according to conventional mixing, granulating or coating methods respectively and contain about 0.1 to 75%, preferably about 1 to 50% of the active ingredient.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as being limitations thereon. Temperatures are given in degrees centigrade, andall parts wherever given are parts by weight.

EXAMPLE 1 The mixture of 10.8 g. ethyl 4-amino-phenylacetate hydrochloride, 32.4 g. 1,4-dibromo-2-butene, 84 g. sodium bicarbonate and 500 ml. dimethylformamide are refluxed for 6 hours while stirring, filtered hot and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in ml. 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide, the mixture refluxed for 1 hour, cooled and washed with diethyl ether. It is adjusted to pH 5 with hydrochloric acid, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, filtered and evaporated, to yield the 4-pyrrolino phenylacetic acid of the formula To the stirred mixture of .5 g. ethyl 4-pyrrolinophenylacetate, 100 ml. dimethylformamide and 100 ml. toluene, 1.25 g. 54% sodium hydride in mineral oil are added portionwise and stirring is continued for 1% hours at room temperature. Hereupon the solution of 6.8 g. methyl iodide in 25 ml. toluene is added dropwise during 20 minutes and the mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. It is evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in 75 ml. aqueous potassium hydroxide and the mixture heated at the steam cone for 2 hours. It is cooled, adjusted to pH 5 with hydrochloric acid, extracted with diethyl ether; the extract is dried, concentrated, the concentrate diluted With petroleum ether, and the precipitate formed filtered oil, to yield the a-(4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid of the formula melting at 197199 after recrystallization from ethanol.

By replacing in this example the methyl iodide by an equivalent amount of ethyl iodide, allyl bromide, 3-cyclopentenyl bromide or cyclopropylmethyl bromide, the ethyl a-(4-pyrrolinophenyl)-(butyrate, 4-pentenoate, ot-3-cyclopentenylacetate or a-cyclopropylmethylacetate) are obtained.

The 3- or 4-amino-phenylacetic or -a-phenylpropionic acid ethyl esters, sodium salts or the 2-, 3- or 4-chlorinated derivatives thereof, can also be reacted with 1,4-dibromo- Z-butene, 1,5-dibromo-2-pentene or 1,6-dibromo-3-hexene in the presence of sodium bicarbonate, as shown in Example 1, to yield inter alia the ethyl 3- or 4-(pyrrolino, 2- pentenyleneimino or 3-hexeyleneimino)-phenylacetate or -a-phenylpropionate or the corresponding 4- or 3-chloro derivatives thereof.

The 3- or 4-amino-phenylacetic or -x-phenyl-propionic acid or the 2-, 3- or 4-chlorinated derivatives thereof, can also be reacted with aliphatic dicarboxylic acid dichlorides or anhydrides, eg. maleic or glutaconic acid anhydride, to yield inter alia the OC-[4-(2,S-dlOXO-PYI'I'OllHO)PhEHYlJ- propionic acid, 4-(2,6-dioxo-hex-3-enylenimino -phenylacetic acid or ot-[3-chloro-(2,6-dioxohex 3 enyleneimino)-phenyl]-propionic acid.

Moreover, the 4-fiuoro-phenyl-acetonitrile can be reacted With 4-oxo-piperidine, to yield the 4-(oxo-piperidino)-phenyl-acetonitrile, which can be hydrolyzed to the free acid and the acid esterified, or the ethyl oc-(3- chloro-4-aminophenyl)-propionate reacted with 4-oxo-2,5- heptadienedioic acid diethyl ester, saponifying and decarboxylating the reaction product, to yield the ot-[B- chloro-4-(4-oxo-piperidino)-phenyl]-propionic acid. In corresponding esters, the carbonyl group can be reduced with one equivalent of Grignard compounds, e.g. methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, phenylor 4-chlorophenyl-magnesium bromide, to yield, inter alia, the ethyl 4-[4-hydroxy-4- (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, phenyl or 4-chlorophenyl)-piperidino]-phenyl acetate or a-[3-chloro-4-(4-hydroxy-4- methylpiperidino)-phenyll-propionate. Said esters or the corresponding acids can be dehydrated with sulfuric or phosphoric acid, to yield, for example, the 4-(3-[n-propyl pent-2-enyleneimino)-phenylacetic acid or the a-[3-Ci1l010- 4- (3-methyl-pent-2-enyleneimino)-phenyl]-propionic acid.

EXAMPLE 3 To the mixture of 85.5 g. ethyl ot-(3-chloro-4-aminophenyl)-propionate hydrochloride, 142. g. sodium carbonate and 600 ml. dimethyl formamide, 107 g. 1,4-dibromo-Z-butene are added dropwise while stirring and the whole is refluxed for 5 hours and allowed to stand overnight at room temperature. The mixture is filtered, the filtrate evaporated in vacuo, the residue is triturated with hexane, the mixture filtered, the residue washed with petroleum ether and the filtrate evaporated. The residue is combined with 280 ml. 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide and the mixture refluxed for 8 hours. After cooling, it is diluted with water, washed With diethyl ether, the pH adjusted to 5-5.2 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with diethyl ether. The extract is dried, filtered, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from benzene-hexane, to yield the ot-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid of the formula l 5 C C1 melting at 94-96".

The starting material is prepared as follows:

To the solution of 52 g. ethyl 4-nitrophenylacetate in 350 ml. dimethylformamide-toluene (1:1) 9.5 g. of 50% sodium hydride in mineral oil are added portionwise while stirring and cooling. After 1 /2 hours stirring at room temperature, 26 g. methyl iodide are added dropwise and the mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture is carefully combined with water, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, filtered and evaporated. The residue is taken up in 100 ml. ethanol, the solution seeded with a few crystals starting material and allowed to stand in the cold. The precipitate formed is filtered off and the filtrate evaporated, to yield the ethyl a-(4-nitrophenyllpropionate.

50 g. thereof are hydrogenated in 200 ml. 95% aqueous ethanol over 0.4 g. palladium on charcoal until the hydrogen uptake ceases. The mixture is filtered and the filtrate evaporated, to yield the ethyl a-(4aminophenyl)-propionate (its hydrochloride melts at 137-140). 25 g. thereof are combined with ml. acetic acid anhydride while stirring and cooling and the mixture is allowed to stand for one hour at room temperature. It is evaporated in vacuo and the residue recrystallized from diethyl ether, to yield the ethyl tx-(4-acetylaminophenyl)-propionate melting at 88-90".

Through the solution of 25 g. thereof in 100 ml. acetic acid, chlorine is bubbled while stirring and cooling and the course of chlorination is followed by a thin layer chromatography on silica gel in hexane-diethyl ether (114). After the consumption of starting material, the mixture is evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in ml. ethanol and hydrogen chloride is bubbled through the solution for 45 minutes. After refluxing for 15 hours, it is evaporated and the residue recrystallized from eth nol-diethyl ether, to yield the ethyl a-(3-chloro-4-aminophenyl)-propionate hydrochloride, melting at 164-l68.

EXAMPLE 4 To the solution of 25.1 g. d,l-a-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid (Example 3) in 450 ml. diethyl ether, 17.1 g. d-a-(l-naphthyD-ethylamine are added while stirring and the mixture is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is recrystallized 7 times from ethanol-diethyl ether, to yield the corresponding salt melting at 133-135". 5 g. thereof are dissolved in the minimum amount of 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide, the solution washed with diethyl ether, its pH adjusted to 5.5 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with diethyl ether. The extract is dried, filtered and evaporated, to yield the d-a-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid having [041 =+34.8 (ethanol).

EXAMPLE 5 The mixture of 10 g. ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate, 16.4 g. a,a'-dibromo-o-xylene, 17.8 g. sodium carbonate and 250 ml. dimethylformamide is refluxed for 6 hours while stirring. After cooling, it is diluted with water, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract washed with water, dried, filtered, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from diethyl ether, to yield the ethyl 4-isoindolino-phenylacetate of the formula melting at 118120.

EXAMPLE 6 The commercial 1,4 dibromo 2 butene, containing mainly the trans epimer and being used in Examples 1 and 3, may be replaced by pure cis-l,4-dichloro-2-butene. The mixture of 11.3 g. thereof, 15.7 g. ethyl a-(4-aminophenyD-propionate, 100 ml. dimethylformamide and 10.6 g. sodium carbonate is refluxed for 5 hours while stirring and allowed to stand overnight at room temperature. It is filtered, the filtrate evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in 260 ml. 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide and the mixture refluxed for 8 hours. It is cooled, diluted with water, washed with diethyl ether and the pH adjusted to about 5 with hydrochloric acid. The mixture is extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from ethanol, to yield the a-(4-pyrrolino-phenyl)-propionic acid melting at 197-199"; it is identical with that obtained according to Example 2.

EXAMPLE 7 melting at 107-110".

EXAMPLE 8 The mixture of 11.9 g. ethyl a-(4-aminophenyl)-fl-cyclopropylpropionate, 14.2 g. cis-1,4dichloro-2-butene, 19 g. sodium carbonateand 250 ml. dimethylformamide is refluxed for 6 hours while stirring. After cooling, it is filtered, the filtrate evaporated in vacuo and the residue recrystallized from hexane, to yield the ethyl a-(4-pyrrolinophenyl)-fi-cyclopropylpropionate of the formula N Q-CH-COOCJI: JJH,

melting at 5658.

The starting material is prepared as follows:

To the solution of g. ethyl 4-nitrophenylacetate in 400 ml. dirnethylformamide-toluene (1:1), 2.5 g. 50% sodium hydride are added portionwise during minutes while stirring and cooling with ice, after which the solution of 9.6 g. cyclopropylmethyl bromide in 50 ml. toluene is added dropwise and the mixture stirred overnight at room temperaturelt is diluted with 200 ml. water, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, evaporated, the residue distilled and the fractionboiling at 132138/ 0.25 mm. Hg collected,--to yield the ethyl a-(4-nitrophenyl) 3-cyclopropylpropionate. V v.

The solution Of9 g. thereof in 100 ml. ethanol is hydrogenated over 0.5 g. 10%;.paladium ,on charcoal until the theoretical amount of hydrogen has been absorbed.

18 The mixture is filtered, the filtrate evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in diethyl ether, the solution gassed with hydrogen chloride, the precipitate formed filtered oil and recrystallized from ethyl acetate, to yield the ethyl a-(4-aminophenyl)-;8-cyclopropylpropionate hydrochloride melting at 160162.

EXAMPLE 9 The mixture of 0.5 g. ethyl a-(4-arninophenyl)-isobutyrate, 0.4 g. cis-1,4-dichloro-2-butene, 0.4 g. sodium carbonate and 20 ml. dimethyltormamide is refluxed for 10 hours, cooled and filtered. The filtrate is evaporated in vacuo, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at 98/ 0.22 mm. Hg collected, to yield the ethyl a-(4-pyrrolinophenyl)-isboutyrate of the formula CH: N-Q-l-O 0 0 CzHs 3 EXAMPLE 10 The mixture of 4.6 g. ethyl 4-isoindolinophenylacetate (Example 5) and ml. 25 aqueous sodium hydroxide is refluxed for 3 hours, cooled and diluted with water. The mixture is acidified with hydrochloric acid, the precipitate formed filtered ofl and recrystallized from ethyl acetate, to yield the 4-isoindolinophenylacetic acid melting at 237-239.

EXAMPLE 11 The mixture of 3 g. ethyl a-(4-pyrrolidinophenyl) 3- cyclopropylpropionate (Example 8) and 40 ml. 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide is refluxed for 3 hours, cooled and diluted with water. It is acidified with hydrochloric acid, the precipitate formed filtered off and recrystallized from diethyl ether, to yield the a-(4-pyrrolinophenyl)-flcyclopropylpropionic acid melting at 135-137.

EXAMPLE 12 The mixture of 10 g. ethyl u-(4-aminophenyl)-propionate hydrochloride, 15 g. a,a'-dibromo-o-xylene, 16.5 g. sodium carbonate and 250 ml. dimethylformamide is refluxed for 5 hours while stirring. After cooling, it is filtered, the filtrate concentrated in vacuo, the concentrate diluted with water, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract washed with water, dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The precipitate formed is filtered ofl and recrystallized from ethanol. It is taken up in the minimum amount of benzene, the solution poured on a small column with silica gel and eluated With benzene. The first eluate is evaporated and the residue recrystallized from ethanol, to yield the ethyl a-(4isoindolinophenyl)propionate of the formula I meltingat 111-113".

-.The mixture of 1.8g. thereof, 5 ml. 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide; .15 ml. water and 100 ml. ethanol is refluxed for 1% hour and concentrated in vacuo. The concentrate is diluted with-water, the suspension obtained acidified with 6 N hydrochloric acid to pH 3 and the 19 mixture extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is dried, filtered, evaporated in vacuo and the residue recrystal lized from ethyl acetate, to yield the a-(4-isoindolino phenyl)-propionic acid melting at 247-25 EXAMPLE 13 The mixture of g. ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate, 4.9 g. homophthalic anhydride, 100 ml. toluene and 0.5 ml. triethylamine is refluxed overnight at the water trap and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is recrystallized from ethanol with the use of charcoal, to yield the ethyl 441,3- dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahyroisoquinolino)phenyl acetate of the formula 0 /Y our-o o 0 mm melting at 89-91".

EXAMPLE 14 To the solution of 0.5 g. ethyl a-(4isoindolinophenyl)- propionate in 50 ml. glacial acetic acid, 6 ml. of glacial acetic acid saturated with chlorine are added dropwise while stirring and the mixture is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in aqueous sodium bicarbonate, the mixture extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, filtered and evaporated. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel using benzene-hexane (1:1) as the mobile phase, to yield as the major product the ethyl a-(3-chloro-4-isoindolinophenyl)-propionate of the formula N CH-GOOCiH; l lHs moving 30 mm. (as compared to 26 mm. for the starting material) and a minor portion of the ethyl a-(3,5-dichloro-4-isoindolinophenyl)propionate of the formula moving 39.5 mm. in said system.

EXAMPLE N CH-OOOH 1 (1:11:

melting at 140-142".

EXAMPLE 16 To the mixture of 9.8 g. maleic anhydride and 150 ml. diethyl ether, the solution of 17.9 g. ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate in 150 ml. diethyl ether is added dropwise while stirring at room temperature. After 1 /2 hour, the mixture is cooled, filtered and the residue recrystallized from ace tone, to yield the ethyl-4-(p-carboxyacryloylamino)-phenmelting at 77-79".

The analogously prepared propionate melts at 8789 (hexane).

EXAMPLE 1'] The mixture of 24 g. ethyl a-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)- butyrate, 21 g. sodium carbonate, 25 g. cis-l,4-dichloro-2- butene and 250 ml. dimethylformamide is refluxed for 12 hours. After cooling, it is diluted with diethyl ether, filtered and the filtrate evaporated. 11 g. of the residue are taken up in 100 ml. ethanol and 20 ml. 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide, the mixture refluxed for 6 hours and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water, the solution washed With diethyl ether, the pH adjusted to 5.5 with hydrochloric acid and extracted With diethyl ether. The extract is dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from hexane, to yield the a-(3-chloro-4- pyrrolinophenyl)-butyric acid of the formula melting at 103lOS-.

The starting material is prepared as follows: To the mixture of 104 g. ethyl 4-nitrophenyl-acetate, 350 ml. dimethylformamide and 350 ml. toluene, 19 g. 50% sodium hydride in mineral oil are added during %1 hour at 10 While stirring. After 1 /2 hours, 78 g. ethyl iodide are added during 1 hour while stirring. After 1 /2 hours, some water is added dropwise and the mixture acidified with 10% hydrochloric acid. The mixture is extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried and evaporated, to yield the ethyl a-(4-nitrophenyl)-butyrate.

The mixture of 115 g. thereof, 400 ml. ethanol and 1.5 g. palladium on charcoal is hydrogenated at 3 at. and room temperature. After the hydrogen uptake has ceased, the mixture is filtered, the filtrate evaporated, the residue taken up in 2 N hydrochloric acid, the solution Washed with diethyl ether, made basic with aqueous sodium hydroxide, extracted with diethyl ether and the extract evaporated, to yield the ethyl a-(4-aminophenyl)- butyrate.

The mixture of 35 g. thereof and ml. acetic anhydride is stirred for 1 hour at the steam bath and evaporated, to yield the ethyl u- (4acetylaminophenyl)-butyrate.

Through the solution of 35 g. thereof in 200 ml. acetic acid, chlorine is bubbled at 1520 while stirring and the course of the reaction followed by thin layer chromatography on silica gel in hexane-diethyl ether (1:4). After the consumption of starting material, the mixture is evaporated, to yield the ethyl a-(4-acety1amino3-chlorophenyl)-butyrate hydrochloride.

Through the solution of 36 g. thereof in 200 ml. ethanol, hydrogen chloride is bubbled through while stirring for 45 minutes. The mixture is refluxed for 20 hours, allowed to stand for 24 hours at room temperature and evaporated. The residue is taken up in Water, the solution made basic with aqueous sodium hydroxide, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, evaporated, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at 130-132/ 0.4 mm. Hg collected, to yield the'ethyl a-(4-amino-3-chloropheny1)-butyrate.

EXAMPLE 18 The mixture of 0.63 g. methyl u-cyclopropyl-(4-amino- 3-chlorophenyl)-acetate hydrochloride, 0.55 g. cis-l,4-dichloro-2-butene, 0.7 g. sodium carbonate and 50 ml. dimethylformamide is refluxed under nitrogen for 10 hours and stirred at room temperature for 2 days. It is filtered, the filtrate evaporated, the residue taken up in Water, the mixture extracted with diethyl ether and the extract evaporaed in vacuo. The residue is taken up in 35 ml. ethanol, 0.5 ml. water and 0.28 g. potassium hydroxide are added, the mixture refluxed for 2 hours and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water, the solution washed with diethyl ether, the pH adjusted to 4-4.5 with hydrochloric acid and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from diethyl ether, to yield the u-cyclopropyl-(3-ch1or0 4 pyrrolinophenyl)-acetic acid of the formula N-m-cH-c on melting at 152-156".

The starting material is prepared as follows: To the solution of 200 g. ix-cyclopropyl-phenylacetic acid in 1.2 liters trifluoroacetic acid, the mixture of 73 ml. 70% aqueous nitric acid and 9.1 ml. 96% aqueous sulfuric acid is added dropwise while stirring and cooling to about 3. After 1 /2 hours, the temperature is allowed to rise to room temperature and the mixture stirred for a total of 3 additional hours.'It is dropped onto 3.2 kg. ice and 300 ml. water while stirring, filtered, the residue washed with 6 liters water and dried, toyield an about 2:1 mixture of a-cyclopropyl-(4- and 2-nitrophenyl)-acetic acid.

The mixture of 50 g. thereof, 5 g. palladium on charcoal and 550 ml. 95% aqueous ethanol is hydrogenated at atmospheric pressure until 15.9 liters hydrogen have been consumed. It is filtered, the filtrate concentrated, the precipitate formed in the cold separated and recrystallized once more from ethanol, to yield the pure a-cyclopropyl-(4 aminophenyl)-acetic acid.

To the mixture of 10 g. thereof and 75 ml. methanol, 75 ml. saturated methanolic hydrogen chloride are added while stirring and cooling in an ice bath. After /2 hour, the mixture is heated to 38 for 1 hour and stirred at room temperature overnight. It is cooled, combined with 100 ml. water and 105 ml. aqueous sodium hydroxide are added while cooling and stirring. The precipitate formed is filtered oif, washed with water and dried, to yield the methyl a-cyclopropyl-(4-aminophenyl)-acetate, melting at 6869.

The mixture of 12 g. thereof and 100 ml. acetic anhydride is stirred for 1 hour at the steam bath and evaporated. The residue is taken up in benzene and the mixture again evaporated, to yield the methyl a-cyclopropyl-(4- acetylaminophenyl)-acetate melting at l59162.

To the solution of 1.6 g. thereof in 50 ml. acetic acid, 30 ml. of a saturated solution of chlorine in acetic acid is added dropwise while stirring and the mixture evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up 2 times in benzene and the mixture evaporated, to yield the methyl a-cyclopropyl- (4-acetylamino-3-chlorophenyl) -acetate. r

Through the solution of 1.6 g. thereof in 200 ml.: methanol, hydrogen chloride is bubbled for 15 minutes and the mixture-refluxed for 21 hours. It is evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken-up in 6N hydrochloric acid, the mixture washediwith' diethyl ether, made .basicwith aqueous sodium hydroxideand extracted with diethyl ether. The

22 extract is dried, evaporated, the residue taken up in diethyl ether, the solution acidified with ethereal hydrogen chloride and the precipitate formed filtered off, to yield the methyl a-cyclopropyl-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)-acetate hydrochloride melting at ,164169.

EXAMPLE 19 N Q-on-oo ONa A) l melting at 207209.

EXAMPLE 20 3 g. of the lithium salt of the ethyl 4-(4-oxopiperidino)- phenylacetate N p toluenesulfonylhydrazone is slowly heated first to about 3040 and 0.3 mm. Hg to effect final drying, and then to -135 for 45 minutes. The residue is taken up in the minimum amount of ethanol, the solution poured on a small column with silica gel and eluted with benzene. The first eluate obtained is evaporated, to yield the ethyl 4-piperidino-phenylacetate of the formula N: Q-cm-cooom.

showing in the LR. spectrum bands at 5.86 and 6.08

The starting material is prepared as follows: The mixture of 89.6 g. ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate, 400 g. ethyl acrylate and ml. acetic acid is refluxed for 19 hours and concentrated in vacuo. The concentrate is poured onto 500 ml. ice water, the mixture made basic with aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with diethyl ether. The extract is dried, filtered, evaporated, the residue distilled and thefraction boiling at 211213/ 0.6 mm. Hg collected, to yield the ethyl 4-(bis-carbethoxyethylamino)- phenyl-acetate.

To the solution of 38 g. thereof in 100 ml. ethanol, that obtained from 3.4 g. sodium and 100 ml. ethanol is added dropwise and the mixture refluxed for 7 hours. It is evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in water, the mixture extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, filtered and evaporated, to yield the ethyl 4-(3-carbethoxy-4-oxopiperidino)-phenylacetate.

The mixture of 30.5 g. thereof and 300 ml. 50% sodium hydroxide is heated at the steam cone for 12 hours. It is cooled, acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid and the mixture heated for 6 hours. It is evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in ethanolic hydrogen chloride, the mixture evaporated again, the residue taken up in water, the mixture made basic with aqueous sodium hydroxide, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried and evaporated, to yield the ethyl 4-(4 oxopiperidino)- phenylacetate.

The mixture of 5.2 g. thereof, 2.1 g. 4-p-toluenesulfon ylhydrazide,3ml. glacial acetic acid and 50 ml. ethanol is refluxed for 30"minutes. It is 'cooled, -th e precipitate formed'filtered offand taken upinthe minimum amount of tetrahydriofuranrTo the solution, 13 'ml. 1.6 N n-butyl lithium are added dropwise while still under nitrogen at 0-5". After 30 minutes,"the mixture is evaporated at a temperature below 35, to yield the lithium salt of the ethyl 4-(4-oxopiperidino)-phenylacetate N p toluenesulfonylhydrazone.

23 EXAMPLE 21 Preparation of 10,000 tablets each containing 25.0 mg. of the active ingredient:

Formula: G.

a s (3 chloro 4 pyrrolinophenyl) propionic acid 250.00 Lactose 1,956.00 Corn starch 90.00 Polyethylene glycol 6,000 90.00 Talcum powder 90.00 Magnesium stearate 24.00

Purified water (1.5.

Procedure All the powders are passed through a screen with openings of 0.6 mm. Then the drug substance, lactose, talcum, magnesium stearate and half of the starch are mixed in a suitable mixer. The other half of the starch is suspended in 45 ml. water and the suspension added to the boiling solution of the polyethylene glycol in 180 ml. water. The paste formed is added to the powders which are granulated, if necessary, with an additional amount of water. The granulate is dried overnight at 35, broken on a screen with 1.2 mm. openings and compressed into tablets using concave punches with 7.1 mm. diameter, uppers bisected.

In the analogous manner, tablets can be prepared containing the same amount of another preferred drug substance of Formula II, e.g. the a-(4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid.

EXAMPLE 22 Preparation of 1,000 tablets, each containing 25 mg.

Procedure All the powders are passed through a screen with openings of 0.6 mm. Then the carrier materials are blended and the drug substance is added gradually. After thorough mixing, the powder is compressed into tablets using concave punches with 4.8 mm. diameter. Instead of the above drug substance, the corresponding sodium salt described in Example 19 can be used.

EXAMPLE 23 The starting material used in Example 3 can also be prepared as follows: 4.8 g. 50% sodium hydride in mineral oil are added to 100 ml. hexarnethylphosphoramide while stirring under nitrogen. Hereupon 17.1 g. diethyl m-methylmalonate are added and the mixture slowly heated to 100. The solution of 19.2 g. 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene in 20 ml. hexamethylphosphoramide is added dropwise during /2 hour and the temperature kept at 100 for 7 hours. After cooling, the mixture is diluted with water, concentrated in vacuo, the residue taken up in water and extracted with benzene. The extract is washed with water, dried, filtered, evaporated, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at 147148/0.25 mm. Hg collected, to yield the diethyl e-methyl-u-(li-chloro- 4-nitrophenyl)-rnalonate. (The analogously prepared diethyl e-ethyl-e-(3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-malonate boils at 170174/1 mm. Hg.)

Through the solution of 4 g. thereof in 50 ml. anhydrous ethanol, hydrogen chloride is bubbled for 5 minutes. Hereupon 0.5 g. 10% palladium on charcoal are added and the mixture hydrogenated for 10 minutes at an initial pressure of 3 at. It is filtered and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide, the mixture extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, filtered and evaporated, to yield the diethyl m-methyl-e-(3-chloro-4-aminophenyl)-malonate, showing in the LR. spectrum bands at 1720, 3370 and 3460 GIL-1.

The mixture of 75 g. thereof and 150 ml. 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide is refluxed overnight, cooled, diluted with water and washed with diethyl ether. It is acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid, the mixture again refluxed overnight and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in anhydrous ethanolic hydrogen chloride, the mixture refluxed for 6 hours, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from ethanol-diethyl ether, to yield the ethyl a-(3-chloro-4-aminophenyl)-propionate hydrochloride melting at 164-168.

EXAMPLE 24 The combined mother liquors obtained in the preparation of the d-a-(1-naphthyl)-ethylammonium d-u-(3- chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionate, melting at 133 and having [a] =+9.6 according to Example 4, are evaporated in vacuo and the residue taken up in water. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 5.5 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with diethyl ether. The extract is dried, filtered and evaporated. 8.4 g. thereof are taken up in 20 m1. diethyl ether and 5.7 g. l-a-(lnaphthyl)-ethylamine in 35 ml. diethyl ether are added. The precipitate formed is recrystallized 5 times from ethanol-diethyl ether, to yield the corresponding salt melting at 132-433, [a] =9.l. 10 g. thereof are dissolved in the minimum amount of 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide, the solution Washed with diethyl ether, its pH adjusted to 5.5 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with diethyl ether. The extract is dried, filtered and evaporated, to yield the l-a-(3-chloro-4-pyrroliuophenyl)- propionic acid having {a] =38.4 (ethanol, a more purified sample of its antipode has [a] =+39.6).

1 g. thereof is taken up in the minimum amount of water and the solution adjusted to pH-=8 with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The solution is evaporated in vacuo, the residue taken up in ethanol, filtered, the filtrate concentrated and the concentrate diluted with diethyl ether, to yield the sodium l-m-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionate, melting at 205-208", [m] =+l7.4. The analogously prepared sodium salt of the dextrorotatory acid of Example 4 melts at 212-214", [e] =-l7.4.

EXAMPLE 25 N CH-CO 0 0111,

I on o 01 a showing in the N.M.R. spectrum peaks at 1.2 (triplet), 1.5 (doublet) 3.7 (quartet) and 6.9 p.p.m. (singlet).

The starting material is prepared as follows: To the solution of 7.4 g. ethyl u-(4-arnino-3-chlorophenyl)-propionate in 50 m1. diethyl ether, 5 g. maleic anhydride in 25 ml. diethyl ether are added, the mixture slowly concentrated to 30 ml. and diluted with hexane. After stand- 25 ing overnight at 'room temperature, the precipitateformed is filteredotf; to. yield the ethyl a-'[3 chloro 4-B=cis=car boxy-acryloylamino)-phenyl]-propionate, meltiug {56;

3 v g .1 -EXAMPLE 26;

Preparation of iO000:capsu le:-S each containing of the active ingredient: i

Formula: G.

a (3 chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid 250 Microcrystalline cellulose 1,080 Hardened vegetable oil fraction melting at Procedure EXAMPLE 27 The mixture of 12 g. ethyl a-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)-propionate, 11.6 g. a,u-dibromo-o-xylene, 17 g. sodium carbonate and 250 ml. dimethylformamide is refluxed for 6 hours under nitrogen. After cooling it is filtered, the filtrate diluted with water, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract washed with water, dried, filtered and evaporated. The residue is distilled and the fraction boiling at" 190200/0.4 mm. Hg collected, to yield the ethyl a-(3- chloro-4-isoindolinophenyl) -propionate, which is identical with that obtained according to Example 14.

EXAMPLE 28 The mixture of 22.8 g. ethyl a-(4-amino-3-chlorophen yl)'-propionate, 19.8 g.- ethyl 2-chloromethylbenzoate, 15 ml. triethylamine and 300ml; ethanol is allowed to stand overnight and slowly evaporated. The residue is taken up in water, the mixture extracted with diethyl ether, the extract washed with 5% hydrochloric acid and water, dried, filtered and evaporated. The residue is taken up in 250 ml. ethanol, 100 ml. 10% aqueous potassium carbonate are added and the mixture slowly evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water, the solution filtered, the pH of the filtrate adjusted to 4 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is washed with water, dried and concentrated, to yield the u-[3- chloro 4 (1-oxoisoindolino)-phenyl]-propionic acid of the formula x-on-coon ll 51 melting at 161-163 The ethyl ester thereof can also 'be prepared by bubbling'air through a concentrated solution of the compounds of Examples 14 or 27 in dimethylformamide for 2 hours at 60 while stirring. The mixture is evaporated in vacuo, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at 200-210/ 0.4 mm. Hg collected. a 7

EXAMPLE 29 According to the methods described in the previous examples, the following compounds are prepared from equivalent amounts of the corresponding starting materials:

pyridyl)-pheny1]-propionic acid; 6 v a-[3-chloro-4-(5,7-dioxo-6-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridyl)- phenyl1-propionic acid,

the methyl or ethyl esters thereof, or the sodium or potassium salts thereof.

EXAMPLE 3 0 Preparation of a cream containing 2% of the active ingredient.

Formula: G.

Ethyl a-[3-Chl010 4 (2,5 dioxopyrrolino)- phenyl1-propionate 20 White petrolatum 50 Spe'rmaceti 40 Stearyl alcohol 50 Cetyl alcohol 50 Stearic acid 20 Glycerine 120 Sodium lauryl sulfate 10 Purified water 610 Procedure The mixture of the petrolatum, spermaceti, stearyl and cetyl alcohols and stearic acid is molten and the liquid strained into'a mixing kettle heated to about The drug substance, admixed with the sodium lauryl sulfate, is suspended in the glycerine-water solution, which is heated to 72 and slowly added to the fats while mixing vigorously until a homogenous cream has formed.

EXAMPLE 31 The mixture of 10 g. ethyl [4-(a,p-dichloro-/8-cis-carboxyacryloylamino)-phenyl] -acetate and 50 ml. acetic anhydride is heated at the steam cone for 1 hour, cooled and poured onto 500 g. ice. The mixture is extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from ethyl acetate. The crystals obtained are redissolved in diethyl etherethyl acetate (4:1) and the solution chromatographed on silica gel. The column is eluted with toluene-ethyl acetate (5:1), the solution evaporated and the residue recrystallized from toluene, to yield the ethyl [4-(3,4-dichloro 2,5 di0xopyrrolino)-phenyl]-acetate of the formula melting at 175-177.

The starting material is prepared as follows: To the solution of 8.95 g. ethyl 4-ami-nophenylacetate in 50 ml. diethyl ether, 8.42 g. dichloromaleic anhydride in 50 ml. methylene chloride are added and the mixture allowed to stand for 3 days at room temperature. The precipitate formed is filtered OE and washed with diethyl ether, to yield the ethyl [4-(a,}8-dich1oro B cis-carboxyacryloylamino)-phenyl]-acetate melting at 123-125.

EXAMPLE 32 The mixture of 1 g. ethyl a-(3-chloro-4-isoindolinophenyl)-propionate, 50 ml. ethanol and 15 ml. 20% aqueous potassium carbonate is refluxed for 1 hour and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water, the mixture acidified with -6 N hydrochloric acid to pH=3 and the mixture extracted withethyl acetate. The extract is dried, filtered, evaporated andfthe residue re crystallized fromethylacetate, to yield the oz-(3-Chl0r0 4-isoindolinophenyl)-propionic acid melting at 148-150.

27 EXAMPLE 33 Replacing the ethyl Z-chIoromethylbenzoate in Example 28 by the equivalent amount of 2-chloromethylbenzoyl chloride and following the procedure given in said 28 is' dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from ethyl acetate, to yield the corresponding free acid melting at 208210.

In the analogous manner, the ethyl 4-(1-oxoisoindolino)-phenylacetate, M .P. 111-114 and the correspondexample, one obtains a more pure oc-[3-Ch10rO-4-(1-OXO- 5 isoindolino)-phenyl]-propionic acid melting at 178-180"; mg free acld 206*208 are prepared its ethyl ester melts at 111-113. EXAMPLE 37 EXAMPLE 34 The mixture of 24 g. of ethyl a-[4-(3-oxo-isobenzo- According to the methods described in the previous exfuran-l-ylamino)-phenyl]propionate, 5.3 g. sodium boroamples, more particularly Examples 2, 3, 8, 14, l7, 18 or hydride and 4 ml. of ethanol is refluxed for one hour 28, the following compounds of Formula II are prepared while stirring and allowed to stand overnight at room from equivalent amounts of the corresponding starting temperature. It is diluted with water, the pH thereof materials: adjusted to 5.6 with hydrochloric acid and the solution M P. acid, M.P. ester, Number Am Rs Rt degree degree 1 3-methylpyrrolino H H C2135, 45-48 2 3A-dirnethyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolino. H H C3H5,85-87 3 3,4-diehloro-Zfi-dioxopyrrolino- OH; H 2 5,9 4 .-do CH; 01 C H Q-Qfi 206-208 02H, 111-114 208-210 0,115,104-106 148-150 CzHr, 61-70 191-193 11 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalimlno H H CrHu, 197-199 a 05115 B.P., 230-240=/0.35 mm. b 01H: B.P. 223-2a5/o.33 mm.

EXAMPLE 35 extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is dried, filtered The mixture of 18.4 g. of 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-phthalic and evapmied Yield acid anhydride, 17.9 g. of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate and plienyuproplmlate meltmg at 106-109, It is denncal 200 ml. of methylene chloride is refluxed for 1 day and .Wlth matplbiamed acgordlglg to Efxample The Start evaporated. The residual ethyl 4-(2-carboxy-4-cyclohexenf prefpare as h ylcarbarnoyl)-phenylacetate is taken up in 100 ml. of mature 0 y g' enyn acetic acid anhydride, the mixture refluxed for 2 hours proplonate 15 Z'CaI enzalde of and evaporated The residue is taken up in water, the p-toluenesulfomc acid and 400 ml. of toluene 1s refluxed ture extracted with diethyl ether, the extract washed with s days on a water trap After Foilectmn of the water, dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized comma 3 9 of water n 15 concentrated from diethyl ether, to yield the ethyl 4-(l,3-dioxo-3a,4,7, and Preclpltate famed Frystamzed mm P 7a-tetrahydroisoindolino)-phenylacetate of the formula to yleld the thyl a'[4'(.s'oxo'lsobenzofauran'l'ylammo) phenylJ-propronate, melting at 136-139 3 EXAMPLE 3s The mixture of a-[4-( l-oxoisoindolino)-phenyl]-proi QCHPCOOQH, pionyl chloride, 0.9 g. of 4-chloro-aniline, 1.5 g. of m. ethylarnine and 100 m1. of benzene is refluxed for one hour, filtered and the filtrate washed with Water. It is dried, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from acetonitrile, to yield the N- (4-chlorophenyl)-a-[4-(l-oxomelting at 82-83. isoindolino)-phenyl]-propionamide of the formula EXAMPLE 36 The mixture of 7.9 g. of ethyl a-(4-aminophenyl)- propionate and 8.3 g. of ethyl 2-chloromethylbenzoate is refluxed under nitrogen for one hour. The residue is recrystallized from hexane, to yield the ethyl a-[4-(1-OX0- Y JH isoindolino)-phenyl]-propionate of the formula melting at 240-242".

NQ-GH-COOCAL The starting material is prepared as follows: The mix- I ture of 2.0 g. of a-[4-(l-oxoisoindolino)-phenyl]-propionic acid and 25 ml. of thionyl chloride is refluxed for 3 a half hour under nitrogen and evaporated under reduced melting at pressure. The residue is taken up two times in benzene The mixture of 4:5 g. thereof, 1.6 g. of potassium hyand i mlimlre agimn evaliorated to yield the cone droxide, 2 ml. of water and 250 ml. of ethanol is respending and chlonde meltmg at 129-132 fluxed under nitrogen for two hours and evaporated under EXAMPLE 39 reduced pressure. The residue is taken up in water, the solution washed with chloroform, acidified with hydro- Analogous to the method described in the previous exchloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract amples, advantageously according to Examples 18, 36 or 37 respectively, the following compounds of Formula II are obtained: Am=1-oxoisoindolino, R =H M.P. acid, M.P. ester, degree degree The mixture of g. of 2-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)- propanol, 4 g. of sodium hydroxide and 50 ml. of water is added to the stirred suspension prepared from 6.5 g. of silver nitrate, 1.8 g. of sodium hydroxide and 60 ml. of water. After 3 hours, the mixture is filtered, the pH of the filtrate adjusted to 5.5 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with diethyl ether. The extract is Washed with water, dried, filtered, evaporated and the residue recrystallized from toluene, to yield the a-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)-propionic acid, melting at 96-98".

The starting material is prepared as follows: The mixture of 68 g. 4-aminoacetophenone and 100 ml. acetic anhydride is refluxed for 2 hours. The excess acetic anhydride is removed by distillation and the residue is dissolved in acetic acid. Chlorine is passed into the above solution until one equivalent is taken up and the reaction mixture is evaporated, to yield the 4-acetylamino-3-chloro-acetophenone.

The solution of 106 g. thereof in 200 ml. tetrahydrofuran is added dropwise in a nitrogen atomsphere to methyl magnesium iodide (prepared from 13.4 g. of magnesium turnings and 78.1 g. methyl iodide in 300 ml. tetrahydrofuran). The resulting mixture is refluxed for 18 hours, and on cooling 200 ml. aqueous hydrochloric acid is added and the mixture heated for an additional 2 hours. The tetrahydrofuran is distilled off and water is added to the residue. The aqueous mixture is extracted with diethyl ether and the ether extract is dried and evaporated. The residue is combined with 100 ml. acetic anhydride and warmed on the steam bath for 1 hour. The solvent is distilled off azeotropically with toluene, to give the 2-(3chloro-4-acetylaminophenyl)-propene.

To the solution of 80 g. thereof in 100 ml. of diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether, the mixture of g. sodium borohydride, 61 g. borontrifiuoride etherate and 100 ml. diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether is added while stirring under nitrogen at 0. The reaction mixture is warmed up to and stirred for 2 hours. Ice chips are added to hydrolyze the excess diborane. On cooling, 100 ml. 3 N aqueous sodium hydroxide are added, followed by 50 ml. hydrogen peroxide over a period of 1 hour to the above mixture. After stirring for 2 hours at room temperature, the layers are separated and the aqueous layer extracted with diethyl ether. The combined ether extracts are evaporated and the residue dissolved in 100 ml. ethanol and 100 ml. 3 N aqueous sodium hydroxide. The resulting mixture is refluxed for 2 hours, cooled, extracted with diethyl ether, the extract dried and evaporated, to give the 2-(3-chloro-4-aminophenyl)-propanol.

70 g. thereof is heated at 100 for 4 hours with 45 g. 1,4-dibromo-2-butene, 71 g. sodium carbonate and 300 ml. dimethylformamide. The mixture is filtered, the filtrated evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at l77179/20 mm. Hg collected, to yield the 2-(3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl)- propanol, showing in the LR. spectrum bands at 3368, 1610, 1022, 805 cmr In the analogous manner, the following alcohols are prepared (without distillation)i 2-(4-pyrro1inophenylfpropanol, M.P. 91-94 (diethyl ether); 2-(4-is'oindolinophenyl)-propanol, M.P. 189-192 (diethyl ether); 2-[4- l-oxoisoindolino)-phenyl]-propanol, M;P.- 129-131 -(di-' ethyl ether).

We claim I 1. An anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical composition comprising essentially (a) a pharmacologically effective amount of a compound of the formula in which R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, 3 to 7 ring-membered cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl or cycloalkenyllower alkyl, Ph is unsubstituted phenylene or phenylene substituted by one or two halogen atoms or one member selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifiuoromethyl, nitro, amino, di-lower alkylamino is monocyclic 5 to 7 ring-membered lower 2- or 3-alkenyleneimino, or a lower alkyl ester, the amide, a monoor di-lower alkylamide, the N-oxide, or a therapeutically'acceptable alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt or acid addition salt thereof, and (b) a pharmaceutical excipient suitable for enteral, parenteral or topical application.

2. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective compound is such in which R is hydrogen, R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, 3 to 7 ring-membered cycloalkyl or cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, Ph is 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (lower alkyl)-1,3- 0r 1,4-phenylene, (lower alkoxy)-l,3- or 1,4-phenylene, monoor di(halogeno)-l,3- or 1,4- phenylene, (trifluoromethyl)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, (dilower alkylamino)-1,3- or 1,4-phenylene or m A N- 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene and the group is monocyclic 5 to 7 ring-membered lower 2- or-alkenyleneimino, or a lower alkyl ester, the amide, a monoor di-lower alkylamide, the N-oxide, or a therapeutically acceptable alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt or acid addition salt thereof.

3. A composition as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the effective compound has the formula AmQ-EH-CO OH in which R, is hydrogen, alkyl with up to 4 carbon atoms, 3 or 4 ring-membered lower cycloalkyl or cycoalkylmethyl, R is hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxy with up to 4 carbon atoms, halogeno, trifiuoromethyl, nitro or amino, and Am is 3-pyrr0lino, 3-piperideino or l,6-hex-3-enyleneimino, or the methyl, ethyl, n or i-propyl or -butyl ester, the N-oxide, sodium or potassium salt or a therapeutically useful acid addition salt thereof.

4. A composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the effective compound is such in which R is hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, nor i-propyl, cyclopropyl or cyclopropyl- 8,767,805 31 I 32 methyl, R is hydrogen, fiuoro, chloro or trifiuoromethyl No references cited.

and Am is 3-pyrrolino or 3-piperideino, or the methyl or ethyl ester, the N-oxide, sodium or potassium salt or a STANLEY FRIEDMAN Pnmary Examiner therapeutically useful acid addition salt thereof. US. Cl. X.R.

5. A composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the 5 BF, 2393, 243 B, 2 72 B, 1 2 7 293575 effective COIQPOund is the H3-chloro-4-pyrrolinophenyl) 293.8, 295 R, 325, 326 A, 326.1, 326.11, 326.3; 424-444, proplomc acid. 246, 258, 263, 267

STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3 767.805 Dated October 23' 1973 Inventor(s) RICHARD WILLIAM JAMES CARNEY ET AL It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 9, line 17, delete "to" and substitute "-2- or Column 13, line 58, delete "dimethylsulfoniummethyli de' and O substitute dimethyloxysulfoniummethylide Column 27, Example 3a in the table, No. 10, delete "13.1 223- 235" and substitute b.p. 225-235 Column 28, Example 38, amend the right side of the structural formula to read as follows:

-CH CONH Cl Column 30, claim 2, line 51, delete "or-alken-" and substitute or 3-alken- Q Signed and Sealed this Twenty-eighth Day of September 1976 I [SEAL Arrest:

RUTH c. MASON c. MARSHALL DANN 0 Arresting ()jfiver (mnmissinner nj'Parems and Trademarks 

